An evaluation of compound word formation in Hausa language in Kano
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- NGN 5000
Background of the study
Compound word formation is a dynamic morphological process that contributes significantly to the expressive capacity of a language. In the Hausa language, compound words are formed by combining two or more lexemes, resulting in new semantic units. This study evaluates the processes and patterns of compound word formation in Hausa, with a focus on usage in Kano. Kano, as a major cultural and economic hub, provides an ideal context for examining linguistic innovation and stability in compound formation (Abubakar, 2023). The research examines how compound words reflect social and cultural realities while contributing to the evolution of the language. Recent studies have shown that compound formation can reveal insights into cognitive and communicative strategies, as well as language contact phenomena (Suleiman, 2024). This investigation employs both descriptive and analytical methods to document the frequency, structure, and semantic transparency of compounds in Hausa. It further explores the influence of urbanization, education, and media on the evolution of compound formation, highlighting the interplay between traditional linguistic norms and contemporary innovations (Musa, 2025). The findings aim to enhance our understanding of morphological processes in Hausa and contribute to broader discussions on language change.
Statement of the problem
While compound word formation is an essential aspect of Hausa morphology, there is limited research on its specific characteristics and variations in Kano. Preliminary observations suggest that urban influences may be altering traditional compound structures, yet systematic studies are scarce (Abubakar, 2023). The lack of empirical data on the frequency, structure, and semantic clarity of compound words in Hausa hampers efforts to document and preserve these linguistic features. Additionally, the impact of modern communication on compound formation remains underexplored (Suleiman, 2024). Addressing these issues is crucial for understanding how language evolution is manifested in compound construction and for informing language teaching and preservation initiatives (Musa, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
To document compound word formation processes in Hausa in Kano.
To analyze structural and semantic patterns in compound words.
To assess the influence of modern factors on traditional compound formation.
Research questions:
What are the predominant patterns of compound word formation in Hausa in Kano?
How do modern influences affect the structure and meaning of compounds?
What is the role of compound words in reflecting cultural and linguistic identity?
Research Hypotheses:
Compound word formation in Hausa is significantly influenced by urban factors.
There are observable differences in compound structures between traditional and modern usage.
Modern communication practices contribute to semantic shifts in compound words.
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it provides a comprehensive evaluation of compound word formation in Hausa, offering insights into both linguistic structure and cultural expression. The findings will support educators, linguists, and cultural advocates in preserving and promoting traditional language forms while adapting to modern influences (Abubakar, 2023; Musa, 2025).
Scope and limitations of the study:
The study is limited to evaluating compound word formation in the Hausa language in Kano. It focuses exclusively on morphological aspects and does not extend to other linguistic domains.
Definitions of terms:
Compound Word: A lexical item formed by combining two or more words.
Word Formation: The process of creating new words through morphological operations.
Hausa: A Chadic language widely spoken in Northern Nigeria.
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